PittsburghV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 003850

Cognitive Inhibition in Elderly High-Lethality Suicide Attempters

Identifieur interne : 003850 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003849; suivant : 003851

Cognitive Inhibition in Elderly High-Lethality Suicide Attempters

Auteurs : Stéphane Richard-Devantoy [Canada, France] ; Katalin Szanto [États-Unis] ; Meryl A. Butters [États-Unis] ; Jan Kalkus [États-Unis] ; Alexandre Y. Dombrovski [États-Unis]

Source :

International journal of geriatric psychiatry [ 0885-6230 ] ; 2014.

RBID : PMC:4229451

Abstract

Background

People who attempt suicide often display cognitive impairments, particularly poor cognitive control. Could poor cognitive control contribute to high suicide rates in old age? A component of cognitive control, cognitive inhibition – active suppression of task-irrelevant processing – is very sensitive to aging and has been linked to attempted suicide. We investigated cognitive inhibition in older high-lethality suicide attempters, closely resembling suicide victims, as well as low-lethality attempters, and control groups with and without depression and suicidal ideation.

Methods

102 participants aged 60+ (17 psychiatrically healthy control subjects, 38 depressed control subjects, 16 suicide ideators, 14 low-lethality suicide attempters, and 17 high-lethality suicide attempters) underwent comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments. They completed the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System Color-Word Interference Test, a validated modification of the Stroop test.

Results

High-lethality suicide attempters demonstrated a distinct pattern of cognitive inhibition deficits. Compared to psychiatrically healthy control subjects and suicide ideators, high-lethality attempters took longer to complete inhibition trials, even after accounting for potential confounding factors (age, education, MMSE score, information processing speed, and accuracy). Compared to non-suicidal depressed and healthy control subjects, low-lethality suicide attempters committed more uncorrected errors; however, this difference was not specific to the inhibition condition.

Conclusions

Older suicide attempters are a cognitively heterogeneous group. Poor cognitive control in high-lethality attempters may undermine their ability to solve real-life problems, precipitating a catastrophic accumulation of stressors. Meanwhile, low-lethality attempters' poor performance may reflect a careless approach to the task or faulty monitoring.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4229451

DOI: 10.1002/gps.4138
PubMed: 24816626
PubMed Central: 4229451

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P1">People who attempt suicide often display cognitive impairments, particularly poor cognitive control. Could poor cognitive control contribute to high suicide rates in old age? A component of cognitive control, cognitive inhibition – active suppression of task-irrelevant processing – is very sensitive to aging and has been linked to attempted suicide. We investigated cognitive inhibition in older high-lethality suicide attempters, closely resembling suicide victims, as well as low-lethality attempters, and control groups with and without depression and suicidal ideation.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">102 participants aged 60+ (17 psychiatrically healthy control subjects, 38 depressed control subjects, 16 suicide ideators, 14 low-lethality suicide attempters, and 17 high-lethality suicide attempters) underwent comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments. They completed the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System Color-Word Interference Test, a validated modification of the Stroop test.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">High-lethality suicide attempters demonstrated a distinct pattern of cognitive inhibition deficits. Compared to psychiatrically healthy control subjects and suicide ideators, high-lethality attempters took longer to complete inhibition trials, even after accounting for potential confounding factors (age, education, MMSE score, information processing speed, and accuracy). Compared to non-suicidal depressed and healthy control subjects, low-lethality suicide attempters committed more uncorrected errors; however, this difference was not specific to the inhibition condition.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P4">Older suicide attempters are a cognitively heterogeneous group. Poor cognitive control in high-lethality attempters may undermine their ability to solve real-life problems, precipitating a catastrophic accumulation of stressors. Meanwhile, low-lethality attempters' poor performance may reflect a careless approach to the task or faulty monitoring.</p>
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Cognitive Inhibition in Elderly High-Lethality Suicide Attempters

Cognitive Inhibition in Elderly High-Lethality Suicide Attempters

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